Add some articles in exampleSite

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Covey 2018-09-15 17:02:48 +08:00
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title: Creating a New Theme
author: "Michael Henderson"
tags: ["Theme", "Hugo"]
categories: ["Uncategorized"]
date: 2014-09-28
---

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---
title: (Hu)go Template Primer
tags: ["go", "golang", "templates", "themes", "development"]
categories: ["Uncategorized"]
date: 2014-07-28
---

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title: Getting Started with Hugo
cover: "/img/cover.jpg"
tags: ["go", "golang", "hugo", "development"]
categories: ["Uncategorized"]
date: "2014-04-02"
---

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---
title: Migrate to Hugo from Jekyll
date: 2014-03-10
categories: ["Uncategorized"]
---
## Move static content to `static`

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---
date: 2018-07-09
title: "And Now: Hugo Pipes!"
description: "Hugo 0.43 adds a powerful and simple to use assets pipeline with SASS/SCSS and much, much more …"
categories: ["Releases"]
---
Hugo `0.43` adds a powerful and very simple to use **Assets Pipeline** with **SASS and SCSS** with source map support, **PostCSS** and **minification** and **fingerprinting** and **Subresource Integrity** and ... much more. Oh, did we mention that you can now do **ad-hoc image processing** and execute text resources as Go templates?
An example pipeline:
```go-html-template
{{ $styles := resources.Get "scss/main.scss" | toCSS | postCSS | minify | fingerprint }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ $styles.Permalink }}" integrity="{{ $styles.Data.Integrity }}" media="screen">
```
To me, the above is beautiful in its speed and simplicity. It could be printed on a t-shirt. I wrote in the [Hugo Birthday Post](https://gohugo.io/news/lets-celebrate-hugos-5th-birthday/) some days ago about the value of a single binary with native and fast implementations. I should have added _simplicity_ as a keyword. There seem to be a misconception that all of this needs to be hard and painful.
New functions to create `Resource` objects:
* `resources.Get`
* `resources.FromString`: Create a Resource from a string.
New `Resource` transformation funcs:
* `resources.ToCSS`: Compile `SCSS` or `SASS` into `CSS`.
* `resources.PostCSS`: Process your CSS with PostCSS. Config file support (project or theme or passed as an option).
* `resources.Minify`: Currently supports `css`, `js`, `json`, `html`, `svg`, `xml`.
* `resources.Fingerprint`: Creates a fingerprinted version of the given Resource with Subresource Integrity.
* `resources.Concat`: Concatenates a list of Resource objects. Think of this as a poor man's bundler.
* `resources.ExecuteAsTemplate`: Parses and executes the given Resource and data context (e.g. .Site) as a Go template.
I, [@bep](https://github.com/bep), implemented this in [dea71670](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/dea71670c059ab4d5a42bd22503f18c087dd22d4). We will work hard to get the documentation up to date, but follow the links above for details, and also see this [demo project](https://github.com/bep/hugo-sass-test).
This release represents **35 contributions by 7 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.
[@bep](https://github.com/bep) leads the Hugo development with a significant amount of contributions, but also a big shoutout to [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok), [@openscript](https://github.com/openscript), and [@caarlos0](https://github.com/caarlos0) for their ongoing contributions.
And a big thanks to [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) for his relentless work on keeping the themes site in pristine condition and to [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi) for his great work on the documentation site.
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **11 contributions by 5 contributors**. A special thanks to [@bep](https://github.com/bep), [@danrl](https://github.com/danrl), [@regisphilibert](https://github.com/regisphilibert), and [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) for their work on the documentation site.
Hugo now has:
* 26968+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 443+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 238+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Notes
* Replace deprecated {Get,}ByPrefix with {Get,}Match [42ed6025](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/42ed602580a672e420e1d860384e812f4871ff67) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
* Hugo is now released with two binary version: One with and one without SCSS/SASS support. At the time of writing, this is only available in the binaries on the GitHub release page. Brew, Snap builds etc. will come. But note that you **only need the extended version if you want to edit SCSS**. For your CI server, or if you don't use SCSS, you will most likely want the non-extended version.
## Enhancements
### Templates
* Return en empty slice in `after` instead of error [f8212d20](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f8212d20009c4b5cc6e1ec733d09531eb6525d9f) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4894](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4894)
* Update internal pagination template to support Bootstrap 4 [ca1e46ef](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ca1e46efb94e3f3d2c8482cb9434d2f38ffd2683) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4881](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4881)
* Support text/template/parse API change in go1.11 [9f27091e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/9f27091e1067875e2577c331acc60adaef5bb234) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) [#4784](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4784)
### Core
* Allow forward slash in shortcode names [de37455e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/de37455ec73cffd039b44e8f6c62d2884b1d6bbd) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4886](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4886)
* Reset the global pages cache on server rebuilds [128f14ef](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/128f14efad90886ffef37c01ac1e20436a732f97) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4845](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4845)
### Other
* Bump CircleCI image [e3df6478](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e3df6478f09a7a5fed96aced791fa94fd2c35d1a) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add Goreleaser extended config [626afc98](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/626afc98254421f5a5edc97c541b10bd81d5bbbb) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4908](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4908)
* Build both hugo and hugo.extended for 0.43 [e1027c58](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e1027c5846b48c4ad450f6cc27e2654c9e0dae39) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) [#4908](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4908)
* Add temporary build script [bfc3488b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/bfc3488b8e8b3dc1ffc6a339ee2dac8dcbdb55a9) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add "extended" to "hugo version" [ce84b524](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ce84b524f4e94299b5b66afe7ce1a9bd4a9959fc) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) [#4913](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4913)
* Add a newScratch template func [2b8d907a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2b8d907ab731627f4e2a30442cd729064516c8bb) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4685](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4685)
* Add Hugo Piper with SCSS support and much more [dea71670](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/dea71670c059ab4d5a42bd22503f18c087dd22d4) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4381](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4381)[#4903](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4903)[#4858](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4858)
* Consider root and current section's content type if set in front matter [c790029e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c790029e1dbb0b66af18d05764bd6045deb2e180) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4891](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4891)
* Update docker image [554553c0](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/554553c09c7657d28681e1fa0638806a452737a0) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Merge branch 'release-0.42.2' [282f6035](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/282f6035e7c36f8550d91033e3a66718468c6c8b) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Release 0.42.2 [1637d12e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/1637d12e3762fc1ebab4cd675f75afaf25f59cdb) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update GoReleaser config [1f0c4e1f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/1f0c4e1fb347bb233f3312c424fbf5a013c03604) [@caarlos0](https://github.com/caarlos0)
* Create missing head.html partial on new theme generation [fd71fa89](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fd71fa89bd6c197402582c87b2b76d4b96d562bf) [@openscript](https://github.com/openscript)
* Add html doctype to baseof.html template for new themes [b5a3aa70](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b5a3aa7082135d0a573f4fbb00f798e26b67b902) [@openscript](https://github.com/openscript)
* Adds .gitattributes to force Go files to LF [6a2968fd](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6a2968fd5c0116d93de0f379ac615e9076821899) [@neurocline](https://github.com/neurocline)
* Update to Go 1.9.7 and Go 1.10.3 [23d5fc82](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/23d5fc82ee01d56440d0991c899acd31e9b63e27) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
* Update Dockerfile to a multi-stage build [8531ec7c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/8531ec7ca36fd35a57fba06bbb06a65c94dfd3ed) [@skoblenick](https://github.com/skoblenick) [#4154](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4154)
* Release 0.42.1 [d67e843c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d67e843c1212e1f53933556b5f946c8541188d9a) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Do not fail server build when /static is missing [34ee27a7](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/34ee27a78b9e2b5f475d44253ae234067b76cc6e) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4846](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4846)
## Fixes
* Do not create paginator pages for the other output formats [43338c3a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/43338c3a99769eb7d0df0c12559b8b3d42b67dba) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4890](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4890)
* Fix the shortcodes/partials vs base template detection [a5d0a57e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a5d0a57e6bdab583134a68c035aac9b3007f006a) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4897](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4897)
* nfpm replacements [e1a052ec](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e1a052ecb823c688406a8af97dfaaf52a75231da) [@caarlos0](https://github.com/caarlos0)
* Fix typos [3cea2932](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/3cea2932e17a08ebc19cd05f3079d9379bc8fba5) [@idealhack](https://github.com/idealhack)

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---
date: 2018-07-13
title: "Hugo 0.44: Friday the 13th Edition"
description: "A sequel to the very popular Hugo Pipes Edition; bug-fixes and enhancements …"
categories: ["Releases"]
---
Hugo `0.44` is the follow-up release, or **The Sequel**, of the very well received `0.43` only days ago. That release added **Hugo Pipes**, with SCSS/SASS support, assets bundling and minification, ad-hoc image processing and much more.
This is mostly a bug-fix release, but it also includes several important improvements.
Many complained that their SVG images vanished when browsed from the `hugo server`. With **Hugo Pipes** MIME types suddenly got really important, but Hugo's use of `Suffix` was ambiguous. This became visible when we redefined the `image/svg+xml` to work with **Hugo Pipes**. We have now added a `Suffixes` field on the MIME type definition in Hugo, which is a list of one or more filename suffixes the MIME type is identified with. If you need to add a custom MIME type definition, this means that you also need to specify the full MIME type as the key, e.g. `image/svg+xml`.
Hugo now has:
* 27120+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 443+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 239+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Notes
* `MediaType.Suffix` is deprecated and replaced with a plural version, `MediaType.Suffixes`, with a more specific definition. You will get a detailed WARNING in the console if you need to do anything.
## Enhancements
* Allow multiple file suffixes per media type [b874a1ba](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b874a1ba7ab8394dc741c8c70303a30a35b63e43) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4920](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4920)
* Clean up the in-memory Resource reader usage [47d38628](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/47d38628ec0f4e72ff17661f13456b2a1511fe13) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4936](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4936)
* Move opening of the transformed resources after cache check [0024dcfe](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0024dcfe3e016c67046de06d1dac5e7f5235f9e1) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Improve type support in `resources.Concat` [306573de](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/306573def0e20ec16ee5c447981cc09ed8bb7ec7) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4934](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4934)
* Flush `partialCached` cache on rebuilds [6b6dcb44](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6b6dcb44a014699c289bf32fe57d4c4216777be0) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4931](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4931)
* Include the transformation step in the error message [d96f2a46](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d96f2a460f58e91d8f6253a489d4879acfec6916) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4924](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4924)
* Exclude *.svg from CRLF/LF conversion [9c1e8208](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/9c1e82085eb07d5b4dcdacbe82d5bafd26e08631) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
## Fixes
* Fix `resources.Concat` for transformed resources [beec1fc9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/beec1fc98e5d37bba742d6bc2a0ff7c344b469f8) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4936](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4936)
* Fix static filesystem for themed multihost sites [80c8f3b8](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/80c8f3b81a9849080e64bf877288ede28d960d3f) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4929](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4929)
* Set permission of embedded templates to 0644 [2b73e89d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2b73e89d6d2822e86360a6c92c87f539677c119b) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)

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---
date: 2018-07-22
title: "Hugo 0.45: Revival of ref, relref and GetPage"
description: "Hugo 0.45 adds relative page lookups, language support in ref/relref and several Hugo Pipes improvements."
categories: ["Releases"]
---
Hugo `0.45` is the **revival of ref, relref and GetPage**. [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta) and [@bep](https://github.com/bep) have done some great work improving the API and implementation for the helper functions used to **get one page**. Before this release, the API was a little bit clumsy and the result potentially ambiguous in some situations.
Now you can simply do:
```go-html-template
{{ with .Site.GetPage "/blog/my-post.md" }}{{ .Title }}{{ end }}
```
Or to get a section page:
```go-html-template
{{ with .Site.GetPage "/blog" }}{{ .Title }}{{ end }}
```
We have also added a `.GetPage` method on `Page` and added support for page-relative linking. This means that the leading slash (`/`) now has a meaning. For `.Site.GetPage`, all lookups will start at the content root. But for lookups with a `Page` context, paths without a leading slash will be treated as relative to the page.
This means that the following example will find the page in the current section:
```go-html-template
{{</* ref "my-post.md" */>}}
```
You can also use the `..` to refer to a page one level up etc.:
```go-html-template
{{</* ref "../my-post.md" */>}}
```
We have now also added language support to `ref` and `relref`, so you can link to a page in another language:
```go-html-template
{{</* relref path="document.md" lang="jp" */>}}
```
To link to a given Output Format of a document, you can use this syntax:
```go-html-template
{{</* relref path="document.md" outputFormat="rss" */>}}
```
To make working with these reflinks on bigger sites easier to work with, we have also improved the error logging, and added two new configuration settings:
* refLinksErrorLevel: ERROR (default, will fail the build when a reflink cannot be resolved) or WARNING.
* refLinksNotFoundURL: Set this to an URL placeholder used when no reference could be resolved.
Visit the [Hugo Docs](https://gohugo.io/content-management/cross-references) for more information.
We have also done some important improvements and fixes in **Hugo Pipes** in this release: SCSS source maps on Windows now works, we now support project-local `PostCSS` installation, and we have added `IncludePaths` to `SCSS` options, making it possible to include, say, a path below `node_modules` in the SASS/SCSS build.
This release represents **31 contributions by 4 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.
[@bep](https://github.com/bep) leads the Hugo development with a significant amount of contributions, but also a big shoutout to [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta), [@hairmare](https://github.com/hairmare), and [@garrmcnu](https://github.com/garrmcnu) for their ongoing contributions.
And a big thanks to [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) for his relentless work on keeping the themes site in pristine condition and to [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi) for his great work on the documentation site.
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **10 contributions by 8 contributors**. A special thanks to [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi), [@Hanzei](https://github.com/Hanzei), [@KurtTrowbridge](https://github.com/KurtTrowbridge), and [@regisphilibert](https://github.com/regisphilibert) for their work on the documentation site.
Hugo now has:
* 27334+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 443+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 238+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Notes
* `.Site.GetPage` with more than 2 arguments will not work anymore. This means that `{{ .Site.GetPage "page" "blog" "my-post.md" }}` will fail. `{{ .Site.GetPage "page" "blog/my-post.md" }}` will work, but we recommend you use the simpler `{{ .Site.GetPage "/blog/my-post.md" }}`
* Relative paths in `relref` or `ref` that finds its match not relative to the page itself will work, but we now print a warning saying that you should correct it to an absolute path. E.g. `{{</* ref "blog/my-post.md" */>}}` => `{{</* ref "/blog/my-post.md" */>}}`.
## Enhancements
* Print a WARNING about relative non-relative ref/relref matches [a451c49f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a451c49fde1da6e2cc436a2b7d383ee772b1f893) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4973](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4973)
* Allow untyped nil to be merged in lang.Merge [ff16c42e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ff16c42ed0965e1c8acf6e6a6dcda3ea50c107f2) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4977](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4977)
* Get rid of the utils package [062510cf](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/062510cf1f7b79aed2efe88c5b9340d009bdec0e) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update hugo_windows.go [4e1d0cd9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4e1d0cd9f1d43d133d669a019a84117cadd41955) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add IncludePaths config option [166483fe](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/166483fe1227b0c59c6b4d88cfdfaf7d7b0d79c5) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4921](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4921)
* Increase refLinker test coverage [8278384b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/8278384b9680cfdcecef9c668638ad483012857f) [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta)
* Add test coverage for recent ref overhaul [2bac3715](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2bac3715448e90e197ada7cc73c87f696c19def6) [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta) [#4969](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4969)
* Update ref, relref, GetPage docs [1eb8b36b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/1eb8b36b3802e72bc2c16965461ef1899bb073b3) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Document refLinksErrorLevel and refLinksNotFoundURL [00c74ee7](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/00c74ee7ffae71fd5f47d555160354a775e26151) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4964](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4964)
* Add configurable ref/relref error handling and notFoundURL [e25aa655](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e25aa655f4227ac064be5fe770d517a80acd46b2) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4964](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4964)
* Try node_modules/postcss-cli/bin/postcss first [ebe4d39f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ebe4d39f175f73e4f130972cb3d74ef0af5d5761) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4952](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4952)
* Add optional lang as argument to rel/relref [d741064b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d741064bebe2f4663a7ba12556dccc3dffe08629) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4956](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4956)
* Simplify .Site.GetPage etc. [3eb313fe](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/3eb313fef495a39731dafa6bddbf77760090230d) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4147](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4147)[#4727](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4727)[#4728](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4728)[#4728](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4728)[#4726](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4726)[#4652](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4652)
* Unify page lookups [b93417aa](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b93417aa1d3d38a9e56bad25937e0e638a113faf) [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta) [#4147](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4147)[#4727](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4727)[#4728](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4728)[#4728](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4728)[#4726](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4726)[#4652](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4652)
* Improve error message [4c240800](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4c240800a4275244c9e0847cd6707383180f1ac3) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Remove unused code [2f2bc7ff](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2f2bc7ff70b90fb11580cc092ef3883bf68d8ad7) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
## Fixes
* Avoid server panic on TOML mistake in i18n [75acff5f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/75acff5f20d0d41ffa1ae20402001c7a82f077cb) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4942](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4942)
* Only set 'allThemes' if there are themes in the config file [38204c4a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/38204c4ab6fa2aa2ab8bd06ddb3e07b66e5f9646) [@garrmcnu](https://github.com/garrmcnu) [#4851](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4851)
* Fix potential server panic with drafts/future enabled [1ab4658c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/1ab4658c0d5ea2927f04bd748206e5b139a6326e) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4965](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4965)
* Mark shortcode changes as content changes in server mode [12679b40](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/12679b408362a93a3c6159588d6291a3b7ed5548) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4965](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4965)
* Fix source maps on Windows [f01505c9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f01505c910a325acc18742ac6b3637aa01975e37) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4968](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4968)
* Fix typo-logic bug in GetPage [b56d9a12](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b56d9a1294e692d096bff442e0b1fec61a8c2b0f) [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta)
* Enable test case fixed by commit 501543d4 [d6fde8fa](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d6fde8fa131f3852fa98a8ec5c360e736486cf54) [@vassudanagunta](https://github.com/vassudanagunta)
* Fix theme config for Work Fs [5c9d5413](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/5c9d5413a4e2cc8d44a8b2d7dff04e6523ba2a29) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4951](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4951)
* Fix addkit link to account for i18n [fd1f4a78](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fd1f4a7860c4b989865b47c727239cf924a52fa4) [@hairmare](https://github.com/hairmare)

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---
date: 2018-07-25
title: "Hugo 0.45.1: Two Bug Fixes"
description: "Hugo 0.45.1 comes with two bug fixes ... and one enhancement."
categories: ["Releases"]
images:
- images/blog/hugo-bug-poster.png
---
This is a bug-fix release with a couple of important fixes (and one enhancement).
## Enhancements
* Add Page.FirstSection [016dd4a6](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/016dd4a69a765061bb3da8490d3cac6ec47a91eb) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
## Fixes
* Fix .Site.GetPage regression [04d4c08d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/04d4c08dbcac08ff7feeb88863e91799fed0937b) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4989](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4989)
* Fix "borrow content from another language" issue [c6b599a0](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c6b599a06d66b8e3c92343d25bb8043eb4f291f1) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#4986](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4986)

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---
date: 2018-08-01
title: "The Summer of Hugo"
description: "Hugo 0.46: Full SCSS/SASS import inheritance support, rework of Hugo Pipes vs. multilingual, and more …"
categories: ["Releases"]
---
**Hugo 0.46** is the closing credits to **The Summer of Hugo**. While most people have been relaxing on the beach, Hugo has been really busy:
* **0.42, June 12, 2018**: [Theme Composition and Inheritance!](https://gohugo.io/news/0.42-relnotes/)
* **0.43, July 9, 2018**: [Hugo Pipes!](https://gohugo.io/news/0.43-relnotes/)
This was followed by some more technical follow-up releases. And today, when July has turned into August, we come with another one. It's not a big release. But with the big interest in **Hugo Pipes**, we felt that it was important to get this out there sooner rather than later.
There are two main items in this release:
1. We have added a custom SCSS/SASS import resolver that respects Hugo's project/themes filesystem hierarchy anywhere in `/assets`. Using the LibSass' resolver alone only made this work for the entry folder.
2. Resources fetched via `resources.Get` and similar are now language agnostic. The thought behind the original implementation was maximum flexibility with support for `assetDir` per language. In practice, this was a bad idea, as it made some CSS imports hard to get working in multilingual setups, and you got duplication of identical content for no good reason, with added processing time.
This release represents **12 contributions by 2 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.
A special thanks in this release goes to [@onedrawingperday](https://github.com/onedrawingperday) for his excellent work maintaining the fast-growing [Themes Site](https://themes.gohugo.io/).
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **5 contributions by 3 contributors**.
Hugo now has:
* 27596+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 442+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 245+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Notes
* Resources fetched via `resources.Get` and similar are now considered global across languages. If you need, as an example, to create a CSS per language, you need to set the path yourself.
## Enhancements
* Add `templates.Exists` template function. This can be used to check if a template, e.g. a partial, exists in the project or any of the themes in use. [0ba19c57](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0ba19c57f180c33b41c64335ea1d1c89335d34c0) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5010](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5010)
* Remove superflous loop [0afa2897](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0afa2897a0cf90f4348929ef432202efddc183a0) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update Chroma [b5d13ca1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b5d13ca16bf106c1bc29c2a5295cd231d1bf13fd) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5019](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5019)
* Make resources fetched via `resources.Get` and similar language agnostic [6b02f5c0](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6b02f5c0f4e0ba1730aebc5a590a111548233bd5) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5017](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5017)
* Improve SCSS project vs themes import resolution [f219ac09](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f219ac09f6b7e26d84599401512233d77c1bdb4c) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5008](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5008)
* Improve _ prefix handling in SCSS imports [88e447c4](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/88e447c449608523d87c517396bde31a62f392b6) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5008](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5008)
## Fixes
* Fix file paths for uncached transformed images [b718d743](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b718d743b7a2eff3bea74ced57147825294a629f) [@RJacksonm1](https://github.com/RJacksonm1) [#5012](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5012)
* Fix image cache eviction for sites with subdir in baseURL [786f7230](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/786f72302f65580ca8d1df2132a7756584539ea0) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5006](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5006)

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---
date: 2018-08-17
title: "Output Minification, Live-Reload Fixes and More"
description: "Hugo 0.47: Adds minification of rendered output, but is mostly a massive bug fix release."
categories: ["Releases"]
---
Hugo `0.47` is named **Hugo Reloaded**. It adds minification support for the final rendered output (run `hugo --minify`), but it is mostly a bug fix release. And most notably, it fixes a set of issues with live-reloading/partial rebuilds when running `hugo server`. Working with bundles should now be a more pleasant experience, to pick one example.
This release represents **35 contributions by 6 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.
[@bep](https://github.com/bep) leads the Hugo development with a significant amount of contributions, but also a big shoutout to [@satotake](https://github.com/satotake), [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok), and [@coliff](https://github.com/coliff) for their ongoing contributions.
And a big thanks to [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) and [@onedrawingperday](https://github.com/onedrawingperday) for their relentless work on keeping the themes site in pristine condition and to [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi) for his great work on the documentation site.
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **21 contributions by 10 contributors**. A special thanks to [@bep](https://github.com/bep), [@aapeliv](https://github.com/aapeliv), [@regisphilibert](https://github.com/regisphilibert), and [@brentybh](https://github.com/brentybh) for their work on the documentation site.
Hugo now has:
* 27980+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 442+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 251+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Enhancements
### Templates
* Suppress blank lines from opengraph internal template [c09ee78f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c09ee78fd235599d3fb794110cd75c024d80cfca) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
* Add MIME type to embedded JS [755d1ffe](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/755d1ffe7a22d8ad83485240ff78cf25d501602f) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5042](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5042)
* Add `os.Stat` template function [d7112085](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d71120852a8e14d0ea4d24de269fce041ef7b666) [@satotake](https://github.com/satotake)
### Output
* Add support for minification of final output [789ef8c6](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/789ef8c639e4621abd36da530bcb5942ac9297da) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#1251](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/1251)
### Other
* Regenerate CLI docs [4a16b5f4](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4a16b5f4b0adbb31fee611c378de9d5526de2f86) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Include theme name in version mismatch error [e5052f4e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e5052f4e09b6df590cddf2f8bc2c834fd3af3082) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5044](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5044)
* Make the JS minifier matcher less specific [c81fbf46](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c81fbf4625ae7cc7dd3a7a526331ddfdf5237cc6) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5073](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5073)
* Close file when done [f6ae436c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f6ae436c5878bafeafa0bb2646a2c9b32c9b4380) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5062](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5062)
* https links to 3rd party sites [c2a67413](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c2a6741394bc609a663522b245d3d75f0ad17da4) [@coliff](https://github.com/coliff)
* Update alias.go [06bd0136](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/06bd0136419ebd6727635716c7023494cc5a8257) [@coliff](https://github.com/coliff)
* Remove test debug [fb3cb05c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fb3cb05cc3dfc50370449f622fb0130ba7e0ced2) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update dependencies [d07882df](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d07882dfb76a65cce79aaa6f27df71279cd30600) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update Chroma [7f535671](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/7f5356717d14079432365974e1424fc4ff5987c9) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5025](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5025)
* Remove alias of os.Stat [71931b30](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/71931b30b1813b146aaa60f5cdab16c0f9ebebdb) [@satotake](https://github.com/satotake)
* Renmae FileStat Stat [d40116e5](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d40116e5f941e4734ed3bed69dce8ffe11fc76b2) [@satotake](https://github.com/satotake)
* Reduce allocation in the benchmark itself [a6b1eb1e](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a6b1eb1e9150aa5c1c86fe7424cc4167d6f59a5a) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Simplify the 0 transformer case [27110133](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/27110133ffca05feae2e11a9ff28a9a00f613350) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
## Fixes
### Templates
* Fix compiling Amber templates that import other templates [37438757](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/37438757788d279c839506d54f460b2ab37db164) [@Stebalien](https://github.com/Stebalien)
* Reimplement the ".Params tolower" template transformer [5c538491](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/5c5384916e8f954f3ea66148ecceb3732584588e) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5068](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5068)
### Output
* Fix Resource output in multihost setups [78f8475a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/78f8475a054a6277d37f13329afd240b00dc9408) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5058](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5058)
### Core
* Force render of any changed page, even in Fast Render Mode [22475460](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2247546017c00201d2ce1232dd5303295451f1cc) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5083](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5083)
* Add configFile(s) back to the watch list after REMOVE event [abc54080](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/abc54080ec8c43e8989c081d934b59f0c9570c0b) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) [#4701](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4701)
* Gracefully handle typos in server config when running the server [a655e00d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a655e00d702dbc20b3961b131b33ab21841b043d) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5081](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5081)
* Fix shortcode output wrapped in p [78c99463](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/78c99463fdd45c91af9933528d12d36a86dc6482) [@gllera](https://github.com/gllera) [#1642](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/1642)
* Adjust tests for shortcode p-issue [baa62d0a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/baa62d0abbbf24a17d0aa800a4bb217f026c49ad) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#1642](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/1642)
* Fix image cache-clearing for sub-languages [9d973004](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/9d973004f5379cff2adda489566fe40683553c4c) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5084](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5084)
* Fix error when deleting a bundle in server mode [0a88741f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0a88741fe85f4f7aedc02ed748dfeb8ccc073dbf) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5077](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5077)
* Fix Related when called from shortcode [0dd06bda](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0dd06bdac008aa81ec2e8f29ad8110dac0227011) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5071](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5071)
* Use the interface value when doing Related search [a6f199f7](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a6f199f7a640161333608b4a843d701f7e182829) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5071](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5071)
* Fix GitInfo when multiple content dirs [2182ecfd](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/2182ecfd34a24521bf0e3c939627a55327eb1e19) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5054](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5054)
* Add multiple content dirs to GitInfo test site [e85833d8](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e85833d868a902840c5ed1c90713256153b2548b) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5054](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5054)
* Fix "adding a bundle" in server mode [d139a037](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d139a037d98e4b388687eecb7831758412247c58) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5075](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5075)
* Fix typo [c362634b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c362634b7d8802ea81b0b4341c800a9f78f7cd7c) [@satotake](https://github.com/satotake)

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---
date: 2018-08-20
title: "Two Bug Fixes"
description: "Hugo 0.47.1: Two Bug Fixes"
categories: ["Releases"]
images:
- images/blog/hugo-bug-poster.png
---
This is a bug-fix release with two fixes.
# Fixes
* Fix .Site.Params case regression [fdff0d3a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fdff0d3af4670f7079e539fef4b92af2a866d02d) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5094](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5094)
* Do not strip IE conditional statements [5a0ee2b9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/5a0ee2b934e38d596da0f9742361f81c1221e3d5) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5089](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5089)
## Updates to Linux Snap build
* Remove unused files from Git, Perl, etc. [834617f9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/834617f9f8d870643b2631fe607471c8e2ef2f47) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
* Add nodejs to allow PostCSS to work [ef20ec1f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ef20ec1fbaa8f5841b3fbe18978d4d8c19d8fc53) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)

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---
date: 2018-08-29
title: "This One Goes to 11!"
description: "With Go 1.11, Hugo finally gets support for variable overwrites in templates!"
categories: ["Releases"]
---
Hugo `0.48` is built with the brand new Go 1.11. On the technical side this means that Hugo now uses [Go Modules](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules) for the build. The big new functional thing in Go 1.11 for Hugo is added support for [variable overwrites](https://github.com/golang/go/issues/10608). This means that you can now do this and get the expected result:
```go-html-template
{{ $var := "Hugo Page" }}
{{ if .IsHome }}
{{ $var = "Hugo Home" }}
{{ end }}
Var is {{ $var }}
```
The above may look obvious, but has not been possible until now. In Hugo we have had `.Scratch` as a workaround for this, but Go 1.11 will help clean up a lot of templates.
This release represents **23 contributions by 5 contributors** to the main Hugo code base. [@bep](https://github.com/bep) leads the Hugo development with a significant amount of contributions, but also a big shoutout to [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok), [@vsopvsop](https://github.com/vsopvsop), and [@moorereason](https://github.com/moorereason) for their ongoing contributions. And a big thanks to [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) for his relentless work on keeping the themes site in pristine condition and to [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi) for his great work on the documentation site.
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **15 contributions by 12 contributors**. A special thanks to [@bep](https://github.com/bep), [@kaushalmodi](https://github.com/kaushalmodi), [@regisphilibert](https://github.com/regisphilibert), and [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) for their work on the documentation site.
Hugo now has:
* 28275+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 441+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 252+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)
## Enhancements
* Add a test for template variable overwrite [0c8a4154](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0c8a4154838e32a33d34202fd4fa0187aa502190) [@bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Include language code in REF_NOT_FOUND errors [94d0e79d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/94d0e79d33994b9a9d26a4d020500acdcc71e58c) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5110](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5110)
* Improve minifier MIME type resolution [ebb56e8b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ebb56e8bdbfaf4f955326017e40b2805850871e9) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5093](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5093)
* Update to Go 1.11 [6b9934a2](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6b9934a26615ea614b1774770532cae9762a58d3) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Set GO111MODULE=on for mage install [c7f05779](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c7f057797ca7bfc781d5a2bbf181bb52360f160f) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Add instruction to install PostCSS when missing [08d14113](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/08d14113b60ff70ffe922e8098e289b099a70e0f) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) [#5111](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5111)
* Update snapcraft build config to Go 1.11 [94d6d678](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/94d6d6780fac78e9ed5ed58ecdb9821ad8f0f27c) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Use Go 1.11 modules with Mage [45c9c45d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/45c9c45d1d0d99443fa6bb524a1265fa9ba95e0e) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Add go.mod [fce32c07](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fce32c07fb80e9929bc2660cf1e681e93009d24b) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Update Travis to Go 1.11 and Go 1.10.4 [d32ff16f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d32ff16fd61f55874e81d73759afa099b8bdcb57) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5115](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5115)
* Skip installing postcss due to failure on build server [66f688f7](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/66f688f7120560ca787c1a23e3e7fbc3aa617956) [@anthonyfok](https://github.com/anthonyfok)
## Fixes
* Keep end tags [e6eda2a3](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e6eda2a370aa1184e0afaf12e95dbd6f8b63ace5) [@vsopvsop](https://github.com/vsopvsop)
* Fix permissions when creating new folders [f4675fa0](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f4675fa0f0fae2358adfaea49e8da824ee094495) [@bep](https://github.com/bep) [#5128](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5128)
* Fix handling of taxonomy terms containing slashes [fff13253](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/fff132537b4094221f4f099e2251f3cda613060f) [@moorereason](https://github.com/moorereason) [#4090](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4090)
* Fix build on armv7 [8999de19](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/8999de193c18b7aa07b44e5b7d9f443a8572e117) [@caarlos0](https://github.com/caarlos0) [#5101](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/5101)

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---
title: "Hugo News"
aliases: [/release-notes/]
---

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---
title: "HTTP/2 Server Push in Hugo"
date: 2017-07-24T18:36:00+02:00
description: >
As every page in Hugo can be output to multiple formats, it is easy to create Netlify's _redirects and _headers files on the fly.
categories: [blog]
keywords: []
slug: "http2-server-push-in-hugo"
aliases: []
author: bep
images:
- images/gohugoio-card-1.png
---
**Netlify** recently announced support for [HTTP/2 server push](https://www.netlify.com/blog/2017/07/18/http/2-server-push-on-netlify/), and we have now added it to the **gohugo.io** sites for the main `CSS` and `JS` bundles, along with server-side 301 redirect support.
If you navigate to https://gohugo.io and look in the Chrome developer network console, you should now see `Push` as the new source ("Initiator") for the `CSS` and `JSS`:
**Setting up this in Hugo was easy:**
## 1. Configure Netlify Output Formats
Add a new custom media type and two new output formats to `config.toml`. For more on output formats in Hugo, see [Custom Output Formats](/templates/output-formats/).
```bash
[outputs]
home = [ "HTML", "RSS", "REDIR", "HEADERS" ]
[mediaTypes]
[mediaTypes."text/netlify"]
suffix = ""
delimiter = ""
[outputFormats]
[outputFormats.REDIR]
mediatype = "text/netlify"
baseName = "_redirects"
isPlainText = true
notAlternative = true
[outputFormats.HEADERS]
mediatype = "text/netlify"
baseName = "_headers"
isPlainText = true
notAlternative = true
```
## 2. Add Template For the _headers File
Add `layouts/index.headers`:
```bash
/*
X-Frame-Options: DENY
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Referrer-Policy: origin-when-cross-origin
*/
Link: <{{ "dist/app.bundle.js" | relURL }}>; rel=preload; as=script
Link: <{{ "dist/main.css" | relURL }}>; rel=preload; as=style
```
The template above creates both a security header definition and a HTTP/2 server push configuration.
Also note that this is a template for the home page, so the full `Page` with its `Site` and many variables are available. You can also use `partial` to include other templates.
## 3. Add Template For the _redirects File
Add `layouts/index.redir`:
```bash
# Netlify redirects. See https://www.netlify.com/docs/redirects/
{{ range $p := .Site.Pages -}}
{{ range .Aliases }}
{{ . | printf "%-35s" }} {{ $p.RelPermalink -}}
{{ end -}}
{{- end -}}
```
The template above creates 301 redirects for your [aliases](/content-management/urls/#aliases), so you will probably want to turn off aliases in your `config.toml`: `disableAliases = true`.

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---
date: 2018-07-04
title: "Lets celebrate Hugos 5th birthday"
description: "How a side project became one of the most popular frameworks for building websites."
categories: [blog]
author: bep
---
_By Bjørn Erik Pedersen ([@bepsays](https://twitter.com/bepsays) / [@bep](https://github.com/bep)), Hugo Lead_
**Five years ago today, [Steve Francia](https://github.com/spf13/) made his [first commit](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/50a1d6f3f155ab837310e00ffb309a9199773c73
) on the Hugo project: "Hugo: A Fast and Flexible Static Site Generator built with love by spf13 in GoLang".**
Steve was writing that on a train commute to New York. I'm writing this article running Hugo `v0.43-DEV`, the preview version of the next Hugo release. The release is scheduled for Monday and adds a powerful [assets pipeline](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/4854#issue-333062459), with SCSS/SASS support, assets minification, fingerprinting/subresource integrity, ad-hoc image processing and much more.
**I cannot remember the last time I was this excited about a Hugo release. "Game changer" may be too strong, but it makes for a really nice integrated website design-workflow that, with Hugo's build speed, is hard to beat.**
{{< imgproc sunset Fill "600x300" >}}
Fetch and scale an image in the upcoming Hugo 0.43.
{{< /imgproc >}}
But that is a release for Monday. Now is a time to look at the current status of Hugo after the first five years.
## Hugo in Numbers
According to [BuiltWith](https://trends.builtwith.com/cms/Hugo), more than 29 000 live websites are built with Hugo. Of those, 390 are in the top 1 million. Wappalyzer [reports](https://www.wappalyzer.com/categories/static-site-generator) that Hugo serves almost 50% of the static sites.
Hugo is big in the [public sector](https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/hugo-in-public-administration/8792), with the US Government as a prominent user. Some examples are [vote.gov](https://vote.gov/) and [digital.gov](https://digital.gov/).
[Smashing Magazine](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/) is a big and very popular Hugo site. It is [reported](https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/smashing-magazine-s-redesign-powered-by-hugo-jamstack/5826/7) that they build their complex site with 7500 content pages in 13 seconds.
Some other example sites are [kubernetes.io](https://kubernetes.io/), [letsencrypt.org](https://gohugo.io/showcase/letsencrypt/), [support.1password.com](http://gohugo.io/showcase/1password-support/), [netlify.com](https://www.netlify.com), [litecoin.org](https://litecoin.org/), and [forestry.io](https://forestry.io/).
{{< imgproc graph-stars Fit "600x400" >}}
Number of GitHub stars in relation to the Hugo release dates.
{{< /imgproc >}}
More numbers:
* 26800+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers) on GitHub.
* 444+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors) to the Hugo source repository, 654+ to [Hugo Docs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs/graphs/contributors). [@bep](https://github.com/bep) is the most active with around 70% of the current code base (line count).
* 235+ [themes](https://themes.gohugo.io/)
* 50% increase in the number of user sessions on the [gohugo.io](https://gohugo.io/) web sites the last 12 months.[^2]
* Hugo build release binaries for [a myriad](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/tag/v0.42.2) of platforms. And since it can also be installed from Chocolatey on Windows, Brew on MacOs, Snap on Linux and `apt-get` on Debian/Ubuntu, it is impossible to give accurate download numbers. But the number is not small.
## Hugo Next
We're not finished with Hugo, but Hugo `0.43` very nicely wraps up the first five years. It started out as a small and fast static site generator. It is now [even faster](https://forestry.io/blog/hugo-vs-jekyll-benchmark/), and now so loaded with features that it has grown out of being just a "static site generator". It is a _framework for building websites_.
My interest in Hugo started on the Sunday when I moved my blog, [bepsays.com](https://bepsays.com/en/), twice. The second static generator choice of that day, Hugo, was a good match. I remember Steve being very enthusiastic about getting patches with fixes and enhancements, and I was eventually taken over by the simplicity and power of Go, the programming language, and started to implement lots of new features.
My goal with all of this, if there is one, is to get a single binary with native and really fast implementations of the complete stack I need for web development and content editing. The single binary takes most of the pain out of installation and upgrades (if you stick with the same binary, it will continue to just work for decades).
**With 0.43, we are almost there.** With that release, it should be possible to set up a Hugo-only project without any additional tools (Gulp, WebPack) for all aspects of website building. There will still be situations where those tools will still be needed, of course, but we will continue to fill the gaps in the feature set.
Hugo has stuck with the sub-zero versions to signal active development, with a new main release every 5-6 weeks. But we take stability very seriously (breaking things add lots of support work, we don't like that) and most site upgrades are [smooth](https://twitter.com/tmmx/status/1006288444459503616). But we are closing in on the first major stable version.
### The Road to 1.0
We have some more technical tasks that needs to be done (there is ongoing work to get the page queries into a more consistent state, also a simpler `.GetPage` method), but also some cool new functionality. The following roadmap is taken from memory, and may not be complete, but should be a good indication of what's ahead.
Pages from "other data sources"
: Currently, in addition to Hugo's list pages, every URL must be backed by a content file (Markdown, HTML etc.). This covers most use cases, but we need a flexible way to generate pages from other data sources. Think product catalogues and similar.
Upgrade Blackfriday to v2
: [Blackfriday](https://github.com/russross/blackfriday) is the main content renderer in Hugo. It has been rewritten to a more flexible architecture, which should allow us to fix some of the current shortcomings.
We should be able to create a better and easier-to-use data structure from the rendered content: Summary, the content after the summary, being able to range over the footnotes and the ToC. Having ToC as a proper data structure also opens up a few other potential uses; using it as an index in [Related Content](https://gohugo.io/content-management/related/) would be one example.
This should also enable us to _do more_ with [Custom Output Formats](/templates/output-formats). It is already very powerful. GettyPubs are using it in [Quire](https://github.com/gettypubs/quire) to build [beautiful multi-platform publications](http://www.getty.edu/publications/digital/digitalpubs.html). But it can be improved. For rendering of content files, you are currently restricted to HTML. It would be great if we could configure alternative renderers per output format, such as LaTeX and EPUB.
Related to this is also to add a configurable "Markdown URL rewriter", which should make more portable URLs in Markdown, e.g. image links that work both when viewed on GitHub and your published site.
### The Road to the Future
These are the items that first come to mind if you ask me to think even further ahead:
Dependency manager for Theme Components
: In Hugo `0.42` we added [Theme Components](/themes/theme-components/) and Theme Inheritance. With SCSS support in Hugo `0.43`, which also follows the same project/themes precedence order (add `_variables.scss` to your project, configure SASS colour variables in `config.toml`), we have a solid foundation for creating easy to use and extensible themes. But we are missing some infrastructure around this. We have a site with 235+ [themes](https://themes.gohugo.io/)[^themes] listed, but you currently need to do some added work to get the theme up and running for your site. In the Go world, we don't have NPM to use, which is a curse and a blessing, but I have some ideas about building a simple dependency manager into Hugo, modelled after how Go is doing it (`hugo install`). You should be able to configure what theme and theme components you want to use, and Hugo should handle the installation of the correct versions. This should make it easier for the user, but it would also enable community driven and even commercial "theme stores".
{{< imgproc graph-themes Fit "600x400" >}}
Number of Hugo themes on themes.gohugo.io in relation to the Hugo release dates.
{{< /imgproc >}}
The "New York Times on Hugo" Use Case
: There are recurring questions on the support forum from [really big sites](https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/transition-2m-posts-from-wordpress-to-hugo/12704) that want to move to Hugo. There are many [good reasons](https://www.netlify.com/blog/2016/05/18/9-reasons-your-site-should-be-static/) why they want this (security, cost-saving, EU regulations etc.). And while there have been reports about companies building 600 000 pages with Hugo on very powerful hardware, we will have to rethink the build model to make this usable. Keywords are: streaming builds, segmented builds, partial rebuilds. There are other site generators also talking about this. It should be possible, and my instinct tells me that it should be easier to do when your starting point is "really fast". But this is not a small weekend project for me, and I have already talked to several companies about sponsoring this.
Plugins
: A Theme Component could also be called a plugin. But there are several potential plugin hooks into Hugo's build pipeline: resource transformations, content rendering, etc. We will eventually get there, but we should do it without giving up too much of the Hugo speed and simplicity.
## Thanks
So, thanks to everyone who has contributed to getting Hugo where it is today. It is hard to single out individuals, but a big shout-out to all the Hugo experts and moderators helping out making [discourse.gohugo.io](https://discourse.gohugo.io/) a very active and possibly one of the best support forums out there.
And the last shout-out goes to two maintainers who have been there more or less from the start. [@digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman/) has been doing a fantastic job keeping the fast growing theme site and [repository](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoThemes) in pristine condition. I have it on my watch list, but that is just out of curiosity. There is lots of activity, but it runs as clock work. [Anthony Fok](https://github.com/anthonyfok) has contributed with a variety of things but is most notable as the Linux expert on the team. He manages the Debian build and is the one to thank for up-to-date binaries on Debian and Ubuntu.
One final note: If you have not done so already, please visit [github.com/gohugoio/hugo](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo) and push the "star button".
Gopher artwork by [Ashley McNamara](https://github.com/ashleymcnamara/gophers/) (licensed under [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)). Inspired by [Renee French](https://reneefrench.blogspot.com/).
[^2]: Numbers from Google Analytics. The Hugo websites are https://discourse.gohugo.io, https://gohugo.io and https://themes.gohugo.io. It is rumoured that when [Matt Biilman](https://twitter.com/biilmann?lang=en), CEO and Co-founder of Netlify, opened the first power bill after sponsoring Hugo's hosting, said: "Du må lave fis med mig, those Hugo sites have lots of web traffic!"
[^sgen]: That was at the time of writing this article. _Next_, a React based static site generator, has momentum and is closing in on Hugo's 2nd place.
[^themes]: We pull all the themes from GitHub and build the theme site and 235 demo sites on Netlify in 4 minutes. That is impressive.

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